မာတိကာသို့ ခုန်သွားရန်

တမ်းပလေက်:Infobox gadolinium

အဝ်ႏ ဝီခီပီးဒီးယား ကို
ဂါဒိုလီနီယမ်,  64Gd
ကအောဝ်ႏလုဲင်ႏဒါႏ ဂုဏ်သတ္တိဖုံႏ
အမဉ်ꩻ၊ သင်္ကေတဂါဒိုလီနီယမ်, Gd
အငေါဝ်းထန်ႏ/ˌɡædəˈlɪniəm/
GAD -ə- LIN -ee-əm
အယောင်ꩻsilvery white
ဒြတ်စင် အထဲ့ရော့ꩻ ထာꩻရှောင်ကို ဂါဒိုလီနီယမ်
Element 1: Hydrogen (H), Other non-metal
Element 2: Helium (He), Noble gas
Element 3: Lithium (Li), Alkali metal
Element 4: Beryllium (Be), Alkaline earth metal
Element 5: Boron (B), Metalloid
Element 6: Carbon (C), Other non-metal
Element 7: Nitrogen (N), Other non-metal
Element 8: Oxygen (O), Other non-metal
Element 9: Fluorine (F), Halogen
Element 10: Neon (Ne), Noble gas
Element 11: Sodium (Na), Alkali metal
Element 12: Magnesium (Mg), Alkaline earth metal
Element 13: Aluminium (Al), Other metal
Element 14: Silicon (Si), Metalloid
Element 15: Phosphorus (P), Other non-metal
Element 16: Sulfur (S), Other non-metal
Element 17: Chlorine (Cl), Halogen
Element 18: Argon (Ar), Noble gas
Element 19: Potassium (K), Alkali metal
Element 20: Calcium (Ca), Alkaline earth metal
Element 21: Scandium (Sc), Transition metal
Element 22: Titanium (Ti), Transition metal
Element 23: Vanadium (V), Transition metal
Element 24: Chromium (Cr), Transition metal
Element 25: Manganese (Mn), Transition metal
Element 26: Iron (Fe), Transition metal
Element 27: Cobalt (Co), Transition metal
Element 28: Nickel (Ni), Transition metal
Element 29: Copper (Cu), Transition metal
Element 30: Zinc (Zn), Transition metal
Element 31: Gallium (Ga), Other metal
Element 32: Germanium (Ge), Metalloid
Element 33: Arsenic (As), Metalloid
Element 34: Selenium (Se), Other non-metal
Element 35: Bromine (Br), Halogen
Element 36: Krypton (Kr), Noble gas
Element 37: Rubidium (Rb), Alkali metal
Element 38: Strontium (Sr), Alkaline earth metal
Element 39: Yttrium (Y), Transition metal
Element 40: Zirconium (Zr), Transition metal
Element 41: Niobium (Nb), Transition metal
Element 42: Molybdenum (Mo), Transition metal
Element 43: Technetium (Tc), Transition metal
Element 44: Ruthenium (Ru), Transition metal
Element 45: Rhodium (Rh), Transition metal
Element 46: Palladium (Pd), Transition metal
Element 47: Silver (Ag), Transition metal
Element 48: Cadmium (Cd), Transition metal
Element 49: Indium (In), Other metal
Element 50: Tin (Sn), Other metal
Element 51: Antimony (Sb), Metalloid
Element 52: Tellurium (Te), Metalloid
Element 53: Iodine (I), Halogen
Element 54: Xenon (Xe), Noble gas
Element 55: Caesium (Cs), Alkali metal
Element 56: Barium (Ba), Alkaline earth metal
Element 57: Lanthanum (La), Lanthanoid
Element 58: Cerium (Ce), Lanthanoid
Element 59: Praseodymium (Pr), Lanthanoid
Element 60: Neodymium (Nd), Lanthanoid
Element 61: Promethium (Pm), Lanthanoid
Element 62: Samarium (Sm), Lanthanoid
Element 63: Europium (Eu), Lanthanoid
Element 64: Gadolinium (Gd), Lanthanoid
Element 65: Terbium (Tb), Lanthanoid
Element 66: Dysprosium (Dy), Lanthanoid
Element 67: Holmium (Ho), Lanthanoid
Element 68: Erbium (Er), Lanthanoid
Element 69: Thulium (Tm), Lanthanoid
Element 70: Ytterbium (Yb), Lanthanoid
Element 71: Lutetium (Lu), Lanthanoid
Element 72: Hafnium (Hf), Transition metal
Element 73: Tantalum (Ta), Transition metal
Element 74: Tungsten (W), Transition metal
Element 75: Rhenium (Re), Transition metal
Element 76: Osmium (Os), Transition metal
Element 77: Iridium (Ir), Transition metal
Element 78: Platinum (Pt), Transition metal
Element 79: Gold (Au), Transition metal
Element 80: Mercury (Hg), Transition metal
Element 81: Thallium (Tl), Other metal
Element 82: Lead (Pb), Other metal
Element 83: Bismuth (Bi), Other metal
Element 84: Polonium (Po), Metalloid
Element 85: Astatine (At), Halogen
Element 86: Radon (Rn), Noble gas
Element 87: Francium (Fr), Alkali metal
Element 88: Radium (Ra), Alkaline earth metal
Element 89: Actinium (Ac), Actinoid
Element 90: Thorium (Th), Actinoid
Element 91: Protactinium (Pa), Actinoid
Element 92: Uranium (U), Actinoid
Element 93: Neptunium (Np), Actinoid
Element 94: Plutonium (Pu), Actinoid
Element 95: Americium (Am), Actinoid
Element 96: Curium (Cm), Actinoid
Element 97: Berkelium (Bk), Actinoid
Element 98: Californium (Cf), Actinoid
Element 99: Einsteinium (Es), Actinoid
Element 100: Fermium (Fm), Actinoid
Element 101: Mendelevium (Md), Actinoid
Element 102: Nobelium (No), Actinoid
Element 103: Lawrencium (Lr), Actinoid
Element 104: Rutherfordium (Rf), Transition metal
Element 105: Dubnium (Db), Transition metal
Element 106: Seaborgium (Sg), Transition metal
Element 107: Bohrium (Bh), Transition metal
Element 108: Hassium (Hs), Transition metal
Element 109: Meitnerium (Mt), Transition metal
Element 110: Darmstadtium (Ds), Transition metal
Element 111: Roentgenium (Rg), Transition metal
Element 112: Copernicium (Cn), Transition metal
Element 113: Ununtrium (Uut)
Element 114: Ununquadium (Uuq)
Element 115: Ununpentium (Uup)
Element 116: Ununhexium (Uuh)
Element 117: Ununseptium (Uus)
Element 118: Ununoctium (Uuo)
 –
↑
Gd
↓
Cm
ယူရိုပီယမ် ← ဂါဒိုလီနီယမ် → တာဘီယမ်
အဲက်တမ် အမုဲင်ရဲန်ႏ (Z)64
အဗူႏ၊ ဘလော့group n/a
အထဲ့ရော့ꩻ ထာꩻရွောင်period  6
ဒြပ်စင် ကဏ္ဍ  lanthanide
အှောန်ႏထော့ခါꩻ အဲက်တမ်မေက် အထှူႏခေန်ႏ (±) (Ar)157.25(3)[၁]
အီလဲက္ထရွန် ကဖျင်ထာꩻ[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
အပီတထွိုင်ကို ကပါဒါႏ အီလဲက္ထရွန်2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
ပှိုင်းဝှို့တုမ်ႏ ယောင်ꩻဖဲ့ဂုဏ်သတ္တိဖုံႏ
ဖေ့စ်အခြုံးအတူႏ
အခြုံးခြီအီအလျား1585 K ​(1312 °C, ​2394 °F)
အထီဗို့ꩻအီအလျား3273 K ​(3000 °C, ​5432 °F)
အနဲန်းအတဉ်ႏ (အခန်ꩻအလျား ၊ လမ်းဟောင်းကိုအလျား)7.90 g/cm3
7.4 g/cm3
ဖျှူးဆဉ်းအလျား10.05 kJ/mol
အတအှိုထန်ႏအလျား301.3 kJ/mol
မိုလာ အလျားအာႏရဲင်ꩻ37.03 J/(mol·K)
အတအှိုထီတေက်ꩻအာႏ (calculated)
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1836 2028 2267 2573 2976 3535
အဲက်တမ်မေက်ဂုဏ်ႏဖုံႏ
ထွာအောက်သုဲက် (အောက်သုဲက်ဒေးဆဉ်း) အထျꩻအအုံ1, 2, 3 ​(a mildly base oxide)
ဓာတ်ငင်ႏအီလက်ထရွန် Pauling scale: 1.20
အာႏတောင်ႏတာႏမာꩻထွာအုဲင်းယွန်း1st: 593.4 kJ/mol
2nd: 1170 kJ/mol
3rd: 1990 kJ/mol
အဲက်တမ်မေက် ဒွါႏအကဲန်တကှို့ꩻempirical: 180 pm
ကိုဗေးလဲန့်ဒွါႏအကဲန်တကှို့ꩻ 196±6 pm
Miscellanea
ကမာꩻထွာခါꩻထာꩻကြုံး ​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for ဂါဒိုလီနီယမ်
အငေါဝ်းအမှိုင် 2680 m/s (at 20 °C)
အလျားမာꩻတခြက်ထာꩻα poly: 9.4 µm/(m·K) (at 100 °C)
အလျားတွီကာႏထာꩻ10.6 W/(m·K)
တျာႏရဲးကမ်းထာꩻα, poly: 1.310 µΩ·m
ပသီႏထှို့ꩻဓာတ်ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition at 293.4 K
ပသီႏထှို့ꩻ ကခှေါင်းအီဒါႏထာꩻ (χmol)+755,000.0·10−6 cm3/mol (300.6 K)[၂]
Young's modulusα form: 54.8 GPa
Shear modulusα form: 21.8 GPa
Bulk modulusα form: 37.9 GPa
ပွုဲင်သွန် အဗျင်ႏ- ပွိုင်စွန် အချိုးα form: 0.259
Vickers hardness510–950 MPa
CAS Number7440-54-2
ထွာလှောန်ခြောင်ꩻ
ကဖေႏအမဉ်ꩻသားafter the mineral Gadolinite]] (itself named after Johan Gadolin)
ကထုမ်ႏမော့ꩻသားJean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1880)
ဖဖြှဲ့ꩻထန်ႏအရီးသွတ်ꩻလဲင်ႏLecoq de Boisbaudran (1886)
အစှူဖြှိုးသွတ်ꩻ ဂါဒိုလီနီယမ်သီး အုဲင်သိုတုပ်ဖုံႏ
iso NA သက်တန်ꩻတာကွို့ꩻ DM DE

( MeV)

DP
148Gd syn 75 y α 3.271 144Sm
150Gd syn 1.8×106 y α 2.808 146Sm
152Gd 0.20% 1.08×1014 y α 2.205 148Sm
154Gd 2.18% is stable with 90 neutrons
155Gd 14.80% is stable with 91 neutrons
156Gd 20.47% is stable with 92 neutrons
157Gd 15.65% is stable with 93 neutrons
158Gd 24.84% is stable with 94 neutrons
160Gd 21.86% is stable with 96 neutrons
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These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. ↑ Weast၊ Robert (1984)။ CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics။ Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing။ pp. E110။ ISBN 0-8493-0464-4။
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